電子期刊
台灣家庭醫學雜誌
李心甯 郭冠良*
社會保障或社會安全為減少和預防貧困、脆弱及社會排斥的政策和計畫。本文整理COVID-19疫情期間多國實施PHSM對於控制疫情之結果與伴隨產生對於個人、整體社會與經濟等之影響，並探討社會保障政策對於減少PHSM意外產生的負面影響之情形。其中世界衛生組織(WorldHealth Organization, WHO)於2024年12月回顧分析1,079項社會保障政策，發現糧食援助、失業保險、現金提供等能有效減少糧食與財務不安全、促進心理健康、提高社會態度與教育投資，尤其在中低收入國家成效更為顯著。而台灣雖未進行過於嚴格的封城與普遍性篩檢，仍透過邊境管制與多重防疫措施成功控制疫情，並以多項紓困方案穩定經濟與就業，展現軟性封鎖政策效益。
總體而言，健康危機下若缺乏社會保障政策與計畫，PHSM將難以公平且持續有效施行。如今的後疫情時代，全世界經貿情勢已因COVID-19有所改變，未來應強化跨部門合作，建立彈性的健康與社會保障系統，方能更好地應對將來類似的危機與挑戰。
(台灣家醫誌2026; 36: 80-89) DOI: 10.53106/168232812026063602002
關鍵詞：世界衛生組織、公共衛生與社會措施、社會保障、台灣對於COVID-19的應對與政策
臺北市立聯合醫院仁愛院區家庭醫學科
受理日期：114年5月13日 修改日期：114年8月26日 同意刊登：114年9月16日
*通訊作者：郭冠良 通訊地址：臺北市大安區仁愛路四段10號 Email：DAA87@tpech.gov.tw
Impacts of Public Health and Social Measures (PHSM)and Social Protection Policies on Health and SocialOutcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Sin-Ning Li and Kuan-Liang Kuo*
The COVID-19 pandemic, which emerged in late 2019, had a profound global impact andprompted governments to adopt unprecedented public health and social measures (PHSM), such aslockdowns, travel restrictions, social distancing, and mask-wearing mandates. While highlyeffective in curtailing viral transmission and reducing mortality, these interventions also causedeconomic hardship, educational disruptions, and mental health deterioration, disproportionatelyaffecting vulnerable populations like children, women, older adults, and informal workers.
Social protection policies aim to reduce poverty and vulnerability and to prevent socialexclusion. A WHO review of 1,079 such policies in December 2024 found that interventionsincluding food assistance, unemployment insurance, and cash transfers were effective in mitigatingfood and financial insecurity, enhancing mental health, and promoting pro-social attitudes andeducational investment—particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Taiwan, despite notenforcing strict lockdowns or mass testing, successfully controlled the outbreak through bordercontrols and flexible PHSM, supported by targeted relief programs to stabilize employment and theeconomy.
Overall, in light of the need to mitigate the disproportionate impacts on vulnerablepopulations, PHSM is difficult to implement in an equitable and sustainable manner in the absenceof robust social protection policies. In the post-pandemic era, it is therefore essential to strengthencross-sector collaboration and build resilient health and social protection systems to better preparefor future crises.
(Taiwan J Fam Med 2026; 36: 80-89) DOI: 10.53106/168232812026063602002
Key words: public health and social measures, social protection,Taiwan’s Policy Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic, World Health Organization
Department of Family Medicine, Renai Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Received: May 13, 2025; Revised: August 26, 2025; Accepted: September 16, 2025.
*Corresponding author