Measles and Vaccination: Evaluating the Need for Booster Doses
 
Zhi-Yi Lee¹, Yi-Jou Kao¹, Sz-An Tsai¹, Ming-Hao Chen¹, Yen-An Lin^2,3 and Jau-Yuan Chen^3,4*
 

Measles remains a significant public health concern despite the substantial global reduction in morbidity and mortality following the introduction of the measles vaccine in the 1960s. Recent outbreaks, even in regions with historically high vaccination coverage, have raised concerns about the durability of vaccine-induced immunity. This review synthesizes current evidence on measles vaccination strategies with a particular focus on the potential need for booster doses to sustain long-term protection. We examine epidemiological data that document a resurgence of measles cases globally—exacerbated by disruptions in routine immunization programs during the COVID-19 pandemic—and analyse variations in vaccination schedules across regions such as the United States, Europe, and Taiwan. Furthermore, serological studies from diverse settings (including Hong Kong, South Korea, Italy, and Taiwan) reveal a decline in measles antibody levels with age, especially among adolescents, young adults, and healthcare workers, suggesting that waning immunity may compromise herd protection. Notably, evidence indicates that administration of a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) booster dose can effectively restore seroprotection, thereby reducing the risk of transmission. These findings underscore the importance of continuous surveillance of measles immunity levels and support the consideration of booster vaccination strategies as an adjunct to primary immunization programs. In conclusion, adapting vaccination policies to include targeted booster doses may be critical for achieving sustained measles control and preventing future outbreaks.

(Taiwan J Fam Med 2026; 36: 1-8) DOI: 10.53106/168232812026033601001

Key words: booster, measles, vaccination